What genetic condition is characterized by low muscle tone, a flat facial profile, and sometimes referred to as trisomy 21?

The genetic condition characterized by low muscle tone, a flat facial profile, and known as trisomy 21 is Down syndrome. This condition occurs when there is an extra copy of chromosome 21, leading to the distinctive physical features and developmental challenges associated with it. Individuals with Down syndrome often exhibit hypotonia (low muscle tone) at birth, which can affect their motor development. The flat facial profile is another hallmark of this condition, along with other features such as a small nose, slanted eyes, and a protruding tongue.

Understanding Down syndrome is important for recognizing its implications in physical therapy, as these individuals may require specialized therapeutic interventions to improve strength, coordination, and overall quality of life. It is crucial to differentiate Down syndrome from other genetic disorders, as each has its unique characteristics and needs.