What is the term for the decreased ability to perceive higher pitches and distinguish between similar sounds?

The term for the decreased ability to perceive higher pitches and distinguish between similar sounds is presbycusis. This condition specifically refers to age-related hearing loss that typically affects the frequency range associated with higher pitches. As individuals age, changes in the inner ear and auditory pathways can lead to a gradual decline in the ability to hear these frequencies, making it difficult to differentiate between similar sounds, such as consonant sounds in speech.

Presbycusis is a common condition that reflects changes in the auditory system, often highlighting the natural aging process and the cumulative effects of environmental noise exposure and other factors over time. This distinguishes it from other conditions like tinnitus, which is characterized by the perception of noise or ringing in the ears without external sound, and acoustic neuroma, a benign tumor on the vestibulocochlear nerve that can lead to various auditory issues, but is not solely defined by the ability to perceive pitch. Hyperacusis is the increased sensitivity to normal environmental sounds, which is a different auditory phenomenon altogether. Understanding presbycusis helps in developing appropriate interventions and management strategies for individuals experiencing this form of hearing loss.