What is the term for exercises that incorporate several muscle groups with the end segment fixed?

The term for exercises that incorporate several muscle groups with the end segment fixed is indeed closed kinetic chain exercise. In this type of exercise, the distal segment (usually the hands or feet) is stationary while the proximal segments move. This means that the movement involves multiple joints and muscle groups, working together in a coordinated fashion. Examples of closed kinetic chain exercises include squats, lunges, and push-ups, where the feet or hands remain in contact with a surface, promoting stability and functional movement patterns.

In contrast, open kinetic chain exercises involve the distal segment being free to move in space, typically isolating a single joint and muscle group, such as in bicep curls or leg extensions. Isometric exercises involve muscle contraction without actual movement of the joint, and strength training is a broader category that can include various forms of resistance exercises, not specifically defined by the characteristics of kinetic chain movements.

Closed kinetic chain exercises are particularly beneficial in rehabilitation and strengthening because they mimic real-life movements and help improve overall body mechanics, making them essential in physical therapy.