What procedure involves grafting a small artery or leg vein to bypass a blockage in the coronary arteries?

The procedure that involves grafting a small artery or leg vein to bypass a blockage in the coronary arteries is known as coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). This surgical technique is performed to improve blood flow to the heart by creating an alternative route for blood to flow around the blocked or narrowed sections of the coronary arteries. Surgeons use healthy blood vessels taken from other areas of the body (such as the leg) and attach them to the coronary arteries, effectively bypassing the blockage. This can help relieve symptoms of coronary artery disease, such as chest pain and shortness of breath, and reduce the risk of heart attacks by improving the heart's blood supply.

The other procedures listed serve different purposes; aneurysm repair deals with the surgical correction of weakened areas in blood vessels, angioplasty involves the use of a balloon to widen narrowed arteries, and stenting refers to the placement of a tube-like device in the arteries to keep them open. While all these options are important cardiovascular interventions, CABG specifically addresses the issue of blocked coronary arteries through grafting.