What term refers to a state of low muscle tone?

The term that refers to a state of low muscle tone is hypotonia. Hypotonia is characterized by reduced tension in the muscles, which can lead to difficulties with posture, movement, and overall motor skills. Individuals with hypotonia might exhibit symptoms such as floppy limbs or decreased resistance to passive movement. This condition can be associated with various neurological and muscular disorders, making its recognition important for appropriate management and therapy.

In contrast, hypertonia denotes an increased muscle tone or tightness, which can hinder movement and flexibility. Normotonia would imply a normal state of muscle tone, and atonia refers to a loss of muscle tone, often seen in conditions such as deep sleep or certain medical conditions. Hypotonia is specific in that it emphasizes a functional deficit in muscle tone, making it a critical factor to understand in the context of physical therapy assessment.