What term refers to the ability of a patient to voluntarily move a limb through an arc of movement?

The concept of voluntary movement through an arc of motion is best described by the term "active range of motion" (AROM). AROM refers specifically to the movements that a patient can perform independently, without assistance. This indicates that the patient has the muscle control and strength required to move their limbs actively through a designated range.

Understanding AROM is crucial in physical therapy as it provides insight into the patient's functional capabilities, muscle strength, and joint mobility. Evaluating AROM allows therapists to assess whether a patient's movement patterns differ from normal and to identify any limitations that may require intervention. This information is essential for crafting appropriate treatment plans tailored to the individual needs of the patient.

In contrast, passive range of motion refers to movements performed by an external force or therapist without the patient's voluntary effort. Active assisted motion involves some assistance being provided to help a patient move their limb. Functional movement refers to movements that mimic everyday activities, rather than the specific ability to voluntarily move a limb through an arc. Thus, active range of motion distinctly identifies the patient's ability to engage in movement independently.